Alert: Bird Flu Outbreak in Kerala's Alappuzha - Know the Signs & Stay Safe

Alappuzha on Alert: Understanding H5N1 Bird Flu and How to Stay Safe

Kerala's Alappuzha district faces an outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1, commonly known as bird flu. This specific influenza virus strain primarily affects poultry and waterfowl like chickens, ducks, and geese.

What is the H5N1 Strain?

Dr. Monalisa Sahu, an infectious disease consultant, explains that the H5N1 strain can infect various birds, including seabirds and mammals, worldwide. The current outbreak involves the H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus first detected in Europe in 2020. This strain has caused numerous outbreaks globally, impacting millions of birds and mammals.

How Can Humans Get Infected?

People in close contact with infected birds are at risk of contracting H5N1. While human-to-human transmission is possible, it's less frequent.

Symptoms to Watch For:

Symptoms of H5N1 influenza are similar to other respiratory illnesses, including COVID-19. However, some signs require immediate medical attention:

• High fever (persisting for a long time)
• Difficulty breathing (rapid or labored breaths)
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Dehydration
• Low blood pressure
• Worsening chronic conditions like asthma or diabetes
• Chest pain
• Low oxygen saturation
• Bluish skin discoloration (cyanosis)
• Confusion or disorientation

Seeking Medical Help:

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. If you experience any of these symptoms, see a doctor promptly. Antiviral medications are most effective when started early in the course of the illness. Avoid over-the-counter antibiotics and steroids, as they won't help treat a viral infection.

Potential Complications:

H5N1 can lead to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring mechanical ventilation. Lab tests are essential for distinguishing this condition from other infections, as treatment strategies differ.

Preventing H5N1:

• Get the seasonal influenza vaccine recommended for your region by your doctor. This vaccine is for everyone above 6 months of age and can help prevent influenza infection and its severity.
• Avoid handling sick or dead birds.
• Practice hygiene measures similar to those recommended for COVID-19: frequent handwashing, maintaining social distancing, and wearing masks when interacting with potentially infected birds.

By staying informed and taking preventive measures, we can minimize the spread of H5N1 and protect ourselves and our communities.

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